IF KAZAKHSTAN SNEEZES, WHO WILL CATCH A COLD? DOZENS DEAD IN KAZAKHSTAN PROTESTS: Internet shutdowns make it hard to verify the full extent of the trauma, but at least 2,000 have been arrested in addition to deaths of both protesters and law enforcers. Around 2,500 foreign troops — mostly Russian — have been dispatched by the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) to help the authoritarian Kazakh regime restore order. The U.S. Embassy ramped up security, as officials urged calm. What is CSTO? A 20-year-old Russian-led regional security alliance of Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan (all former Soviet states). Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan is chairing CSTO in 2022. This is the first time the alliance's Article 4 (the equivalent of NATO's Article 5 collective defense clause) has been activated. It's about more than fuel prices: While spiking prices triggered this week's protests, the smartest observers of the region concur that there are much bigger underlying tensions that center on a corrupt political and business elite funneling much of the country's wealth into their personal coffers. Elites have been fleeing by private jet. London is where the Kazakh elite store their wealth, where the long-time ruling Nazarbayev family own close to $500 million in property. Check out their status symbols, courtesy of Open Democracy. More on the U.K.'s major kleptocracy problem. REGIONAL AND GLOBAL IMPLICATIONS Is Almaty 2022 any different to Budapest 1956 or Prague 1968? That's the question posed by Russian dissident businessman Mikhail Khodorkovsky. There are similarities to Crimea and Ukraine in 2014, including Russia's deployment of its 76th Guards Air Assault Division and a Special Purpose Detached Brigade. Other factors to consider: — Discontent does not live far below the surface in many former Soviet states. While some (the Baltic states) found ways to integrate with Europe and grow rich, most remained corruption-ridden. The Oxus Society for Central Asian Affairs says that more than 2,500 protests have taken place in Central Asia since 2018. — Russia and China share long borders and deep interests with Kazakhstan. In addition to generally wanting stability in neighboring countries, Russia has its space-launch facility, the Baikonur Cosmodrome, to protect. China has energy investments and is hyper-conscious of separatist sentiment in the Xinjiang region that borders Kazakhstan. — Kazakhstan is the world's biggest uranium producer, responsible for about 40 percent of supply, well ahead of second-placed Australia (Iran buys from Kazakhstan, for example). WHAT BEIJING THINKS: After the Foreign Ministry called the protests an "internal affair," President Xi Jinping on Friday slammed Kazakh frustrations at the government as a "color revolution" by "foreign forces" and pledged "necessary support" to Kazakhstan's President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev. "You took forceful measures … calmed down the situation, showed a statesman's responsibility and commitment," Xi said. WHAT MOSCOW IS SAYING: Maria Zakharova, a spokesperson for Russia's Foreign Ministry, compared the uprising to the Jan. 6 U.S. Capitol insurrection. Emma Ashford and Matthew Kroenig debate whether the unrest will inflame tensions between Russia and the West. WHERE THINGS STAND WITH PUTIN: Biden talks tough, but European allies are less ready for a fight , my POLITICO colleagues report. While officials warn of "massive" or "enormous" consequences of a Ukraine invasion, the bloc is divided on how far to go. Complicating the European stance: uncertainty about how long the tough U.S. stance on Russia will last. "If Trump wins the next election, we're on our own," one European official said. "And then what?" MEANWHILE IN UKRAINE … COURT FREEZES EX-PRESIDENT'S ASSETS: A Ukrainian court froze property owned by former President Petro Poroshenko as part of a formal investigation into alleged high treason by the former head of state, the Prosecutor General's office said on Thursday. Poroshenko denies the allegations, which he says are politically motivated. NEW PODCAST EPISODE — DEMOCRACY'S NEW FRONTLINE |
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